Monaco is situated between the Alps and the Mediterranean. With the French Riviera to the west and the Italian Riviera to the east, Monaco enjoys a privileged position in the heart of Mediterranean Europe. It is five kilometres (three miles) long and just under one kilometre (half-a-mile) wide, with the exception of the Vatican City, Monaco is the smallest country in the world.
The Principality consists of one commune, Monaco, which is divided into five districts. Monaco-Ville is the old fortified town, containing the Prince's Palace, the ramparts and the Cathedral. The Condamine is the old harbour area, originally called Hercule Harbour. Monte Carlo (which was created in 1866 and named after the reigning prince, Charles III) is home to the world-famous Casino, exclusive and opulent hotels and a wide selection of leisure facilities. Fontvieille is a recent addition, created by filling part of the bay to produce an additional 22 hectares with an adjoining yachting harbour.
Monaco has an enviable climate with mild winters, warm summers and around 300 days of sunshine each year. Average temperatures in Monaco range from 54 degrees Fahrenheit in January to 82 degrees Fahrenheit in July and August.